09 How can we encourage a fresh expression? (Share booklet 09)

How can we encourage a fresh expression? explores how to encourage and support a fresh expression through your local church. Take the first step, understand fresh expressions, lay deep foundations, put in proper support, oversight and accountability, discern fruitfulness and build relations with the wider church.

This Share booklet is one of a series which aims to help you to think about how to start, support and sustain a fresh expression of church. Buy multiple Share booklets for a discount (applied automatically at checkout): other offers and packs are detailed on the Share booklets page.

Do you pass the test of public reason? (Ann Morisy)

Ann Morisy asks whether you pass the test of public reason.

I like to keep an eye on what positive psychologists are up to because they are not theologians, pioneer ministers or busy running a fresh expression of church! 

I draw on insights from positive psychology so as to pass what John Rawls calls the 'test of public reason'. We keen Christians, in our efforts to commend our faith, fail in relation to the test of public reason because of the self-interest that enfolds our efforts at commendations.

Basically the test of public reason equates to the old adage that self-praise is no recommendation. In our secular world, where there are so many rival ways of making sense of the world, just asserting that 'I have found faith in Jesus to be a good thing' cuts little ice and most likely will result in a cynical response of 'So what?'

If our claims for the Gospel are to pass the test of public reason, then some kind of external proof or validation is needed. This is where positive psychology comes in. 

Positive Psychology is a new kid on the block. It dates from 2000 when Martin Seligman began a movement within psychology that focused on 'what works' to counter the preoccupation of psychology with mental ill health. Positive psychology seeks to 'discover and promote the factors that allow individuals and communities to thrive' (Positive Psychology Manifesto, Akumal II 2000, University of Penn Positive Psychology Center).

And so often the factors that play a positive part in people flourishing is people doing business with God.

Here are a few examples:

  • American researchers suggest that going to church once a week improves people's wellbeing equivalent to their salary being doubled (Cited in Life Satisfaction: The State of Knowledge and Implications for Government, published By The Prime Minister's Strategy Unit in December 2002).
  • The work of Dan Blazer and Erdman Palmore, Religion and Aging in a Longitudinal Panel, The Gerontologist, Vol 16 (1), 1976. This work has been regularly repeated by other researchers and on each occasion a positive experience of growing old is strongly linked with 'doing business with God'.
  • Religious experience has survival value ie. when people feel they are at rock bottom or in a sudden crisis from which they have no way out, the experience of God's 'alongsideness' enables people to 'dig deeper and hang in'. And particularly significantly, having once had a religious experience the person is invariably more open to the needs and fragility of others; Religious experience lessens the likelihood of 'authoritarianism' (i'e. assuming one is right and everyone else is wrong) and reassures that 'all will be well and all manner of things will be well'. (See David Hay, Something There, DLT, 2006).

Faith is good for young people. Who says?

  • John J Dilulio… regularly! Google 'John J Dilulio' 'Faith Factor' for more. Also take a look at the Religion and Social Policy website and Ronald J Sider, Heidi Rolland Unruh, Saving Souls, Serving Society, OUP, 2005.
  • Gwyther Rees, Leslie J Francis and Mandy Robbins with regards to urban 13 to 15-year-olds in England. Their 2006 report, Spiritual health and the well-being of urban young people, was published by the Commission on Urban Life and Faith, University of Wales (Bangor) and The Children's Society. It was based on analysis of questionnaires returned by 23,418 young people living in urban areas.

Copies of the report can be downloaded from The Children’s Society.This research has also been written up in more detail in Leslie J Francis, Mandy Robbins, Urban Hope and Spiritual Health: The Adolescent Voice, Epworth Press, 2006.

The following findings were noted in Spiritual health and the well-being of urban young people:

  • confirmation of lots of other research that having a sense of purpose is important to the flourishing of young people;
  • young people were more likely to have a sense of purpose if they

    • had a religious affiliation;
    • prayed regularly;
    • believed in eternal life.

Detailed analysis suggested that each of these three factors were independently related to 'sense of purpose' (ie. these three religious factors were not attributable to economic differences etc.).

Young people who were identified as having a religious affiliation and/or were regularly involved in prayer fared better than other young people on a number of different measures of wellbeing:

  • they will more likely to have a 'sense of purpose';
  • they will be more likely to have an active and constructive relationship with the community and the environment;
  • they will be more likely to have positive views towards ethnic diversity.

The independent significance of religious affiliation and prayer in relation to sense of purpose and overall wellbeing suggests that a strong spiritual dimension to young people's lives might act as a protective factor, promoting well-being and mitigating the impact of other factors such as poverty and family breakup.

References matter!

There's no apology for all the references. They might be tedious and not really in keeping with a blog, but these references are important because that is how to pass the test of public reason.

And more than this, they might be helpful to you as you put together funding applications for your new form of church or a project aiming to lead to one. You can make powerful claims for the positive impact of faith on people's wellbeing to potential funders – as long as it's not just you as the pioneer saying so!

Hot Chocolate

Charis Robertson is the Acting Director of Hot Chocolate Trust in Dundee. She tells how the city centre youth work organisation is seeing the signs of a developing church community.

Hot Chocolate started in 2001 in the heart of Dundee. There is a shopping mall built around The Steeple Church in the city centre and, in front of the church, is a grassy area which became a meeting place for young people from the 'alternative' culture (ie. those dressed in black with piercings and tattoos and skateboards and thrash metal music etc).

At that time, there was a young woman on placement as a part-time youth worker with The Steeple who was looking outside the church, saying,

There is a community inside the walls of the church and there is a community outside the walls.

Hot Chocolate - outside churchShe went out with a small group of volunteers and they had no agenda other than to go and meet young people on that grassy area. Within a few months, there were quite a few significant relationships developing. We are called Hot Chocolate simply because that's what the volunteers took out with them and the young people themselves started calling the encounters, Hot Chocolate. The name just stuck.

Then we started to ask the young people, 'If you had a bit of space in the church building, what would you do with it?' The answer was that they wanted some rehearsal space, a place they could just crash out and be themselves, and so we ended up with some thrash metal bands come to rehearse in the sanctuary of the church!

Since the outset, it has been the young people who have made the decisions about how, when and what happens. These roots remain totally foundational to who we are and the way we operate today.

It all grew very organically and was very relationally-based. We became an independent charity in 2004 and we now have six paid staff (two of whom are full time) and around 35 youth work volunteers each year. We work with about 300 young people in the course of a year and do lots of things, including group work and one-to-one sessions but we don't preach at them or do anything that would be seen as typically 'churchy' in any way. Instead we get alongside to support them and are always asking the question, 'What do you want to do?' We've got good facilities, including a sports room, kitchen and chill-out room so we have the space to accommodate lots of different types of activities.

Many of the young people are from difficult family contexts and some have been in and out of young offender institutes. The young people we encounter hear from so many sources that they are bad, stupid, worthless, and will amount to nothing. Giving as much of the responsibility and ownership of Hot Chocolate to the young people as possible has resulted in a deep commitment and respect for both the place and the relationships around it. Creating a space that is truly owned by the young people has been vital to this. They most commonly describe it as their 'home', where they can make their own cup of tea, hang their art on the wall, and find a place of belonging. Hot Chocolate is not here to do things for young people or to provide a service for young people, but instead to grow a community with young people. That actually makes all the difference. 

Hot Chocolate - group

We've found too that language can also play a huge part in unhelpful power dynamics, and Hot Chocolate works hard to be thoughtful about this. For example: we are not a service. We do not have clients, customers or service users. We are a community, and the young people are young people. We do not have staff and volunteers, we have team. We do not try to fix the young people but walk alongside them, open to learning as much from them as they might from us.

Our approach is not that of a typical church based youth work organisation. We don't do God slots, but we share our lives, and those of the team who have faith share our faith when the time is right. A lot of the young folk are interested in spirituality and it is not difficult to get spiritual conversations at all.

As time has gone on, some of the young folk have found faith. That has often coincided with them coming onto team and experiencing a more explicitly Christian part of the community. As the former young people find that sense of belonging amongst the team, it opens up all sorts of questions. One young person started coming when he was 13 or 14, became a Christian along the way and is now one of our key volunteers. Not all of the team are Christians, but all are open to exploring and all feel that the Christian ethos is very important. We also often attract team members who are disillusioned with mainstream church – especially artists and social activists especially who feel they haven't found their place. 

Hot Chocolate - feet

What they tend to describe as their 'church' time is when we're sitting around the dinner table together, three times a week. Before opening for any youth work session, the team has a meal together and shares some sort of devotion – and that's where they find belonging and faith. We want to develop specifically around that time, and help grow an indigenous Christian leadership. We feel uneasy about importing worship resources that are not appropriate to our context so we have started writing worship and prayers of our own. In a way, everything that has happened so far in the way of church community is completely accidental, and so tends to be quite different to intentional church planting models and approaches. (This is not a bad thing, it is just different).

Hot Chocolate has never been about getting the young people into church on a Sunday morning and it wasn't even about starting a youth project. It was simply about building relationships and seeing what might emerge, motivated by the love of God. It seems that every couple of months we stop and say, 'What are you up to now God? It's changing again!' We know we are very strong on belonging, on community and activism; we are not necessarily great at discipleship but we are learning.

Hot Chocolate experiments: not recklessly, but without anxiety of failure. There is a strong culture of reflection, vulnerability and learning together, even when we have made mistakes.

Hot Chocolate - logoWe've learned a lot about the God of mission. It's God's mission to transform the lives of the young people and not ours. God is already at work doing this, and so our job is to get alongside him, not the other way around. This has been a liberating, challenging realisation.

In terms of challenges, when you work for a charity, finance is always going to be a challenge but we do have support from various agencies, including the Church of Scotland's Go For It Fund which aims to encourage creative ways of working which develop the life and mission of the local church and are transformative for both communities and congregations. We have had some major staffing changes in the team in the past couple of years too, but we have just appointed a new director to start in January so we are looking forward to starting the new year with a leader who is very missional-minded, someone to help us grow this amazing community together.

Council for World Mission (Europe) partnership with Fresh Expressions

Fresh Expressions today announced that Council for World Mission (Europe) has become a partner in the movement.

Watch or read the full interview below.

CWM is a worldwide community of churches, representing 13 million believers, committed to practising partnership in mission. CWM Europe is one of the Council's six regional groupings and its member churches are:

  • United Reformed Church;
  • Presbyterian Church of Wales;
  • Congregational Federation;
  • Protestant Church in the Netherlands;
  • Union of Welsh Independents.

Shaping the Church for mission is a priority for CWM Europe, including enabling and encouraging people to form new expressions of church and equipping existing congregations for mission.

Wayne Hawkins, Regional Secretary of CWM Europe, commented,

We are really excited about the prospect of working with Fresh Expressions – not least because of our shared priority of equipping missional congregations. Mission doesn't happen in a vacuum but always takes place locally, amongst people and communities. Many CWM-Europe local congregations represent traditional forms of church and whilst this has great value, it does not reach or appeal to everyone with whom we need to share the good news. Therefore, we need to encourage local congregations to explore different expressions of church for today's culture.

Rediscovering the importance of mission inevitably reforms traditional church and as local congregations take their contexts seriously this will give rise to fresh expressions of church that engage with people where they are rather than where we think they should be. The partnership between CWM-Europe and Fresh Expressions is a really important and strategic move as we can share resources, experiences and insights strategically together. We look forward to our partnership as we share in God's mission together.

Bishop Graham Cray, Archbishops' Missioner and leader of the Fresh Expressions team, added,

One of the great things about the fresh expressions movement is the partnership between denominations and mission agencies as we work for towards the re-evangelisation of our nation. So I am particularly pleased to welcome the European region of the Council for World Mission as a new partner contributing to the work of the core team. CWM will bring their long history of missionary experience to our work.